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(B) For a complex to exhibit optical isomerism,it must be chiral,meaning it should not have a plane of symmetry or a center of symmetry.$1$. $[Pd(en)_

Vedclass · Accepted Answer

$[Co(H_2O)_4Cl_2]Cl \cdot 2H_2O$

Vedclass · Answer

(B) For a complex to exhibit optical isomerism,it must be chiral,meaning it should not have a plane of symmetry or a center of symmetry.$1$. $[Pd(en)_2]^{2+}$ and $[Pt(en)_2]^{2+}$ are square planar complexes. Square planar complexes with bidentate ligands like $en$ (ethylenediamine) are planar and possess a plane of symmetry,hence they are optically inactive.$2$. $[Co(H_2O)_4Cl_2]Cl \cdot 2H_2O$ is an octahedral complex. The isomer $trans-[Co(H_2O)_4Cl_2]^+$ has a plane of symmetry,while the $cis$ isomer can exist in chiral forms if the ligands are arranged appropriately,but generally,simple octahedral complexes of the type $[MA_4B_2]$ are not optically active unless the ligands are chelating.$3$. However,looking at the options provided,there is a common error in the question structure. Usually,$[M(en)_3]^{n+}$ or $[M(en)_2X_2]^{n+}$ (cis-form) are the standard examples for optical activity. Given the options,if we consider $[Co(H_2O)_4Cl_2]Cl \cdot 2H_2O$,it is the only one that can potentially form a $cis$ isomer which lacks a plane of symmetry if the geometry allows. But strictly,none of these are classic examples of optical activity. Re-evaluating: $[Pt(en)_2]^{2+}$ is square planar (inactive). $[Pd(en)_2]^{2+}$ is square planar (inactive). $[ZnCl_4]^{2-}$ is tetrahedral (achiral). The question likely intended to include a complex like $[Co(en)_2Cl_2]^+$. Given the options,$B$ is the most complex structure capable of geometric isomerism,but none are optically active. If forced to choose,the question is flawed.

List-$I$ (Complexes)	List-$II$ (Types)
$a$. $[Co(NH_3)_5NO_2]Cl_2$ and $[Co(NH_3)_5ONO]Cl_2$	$i$. Linkage isomerism
$b$. $[Cr(NH_3)_6][Co(CN)_6]$ and $[Cr(CN)_6][Co(NH_3)_6]$	$ii$. Coordination isomerism
$c$. $[Co(NH_3)_5(SO_4)]Br$ and $[Co(NH_3)_5Br]SO_4$	$iii$. Ionisation isomerism
$d$. $[Cr(H_2O)_6]Cl_3$ and $[Cr(H_2O)_5Cl]Cl_2 \cdot H_2O$	$iv$. Solvate isomerism

Which of the following complexes or complex ions can have an optically active isomer?

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